{"id":37,"date":"2018-07-27T08:35:45","date_gmt":"2018-07-27T07:35:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/?p=37"},"modified":"2026-01-09T15:17:43","modified_gmt":"2026-01-09T15:17:43","slug":"sole-trader-or-limited-company","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/sole-trader-or-limited-company\/","title":{"rendered":"Sole trader or limited company: How to choose the right option"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPeople & Leadership<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSole trader or limited company: How to choose the right option\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\"Keir\t\t\t\tKeir Thomas-Bryant<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n

More and more people are finding themselves in a position where they want to start their own business. Being made redundant or not being able to find a new job are two reasons why people choose this as an option.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For a lot of people, the rewards of running your own business can far out way the “security” of being in paid employment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But it isn\u2019t easy. There are many issues to understand and hurdles to overcome with setting up your own business.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As well as getting a grasp of the tax system in Ireland, managing cash flow, and trying to be an expert in IT, HR, marketing and accounting, you will also have the choice at some stage of whether you should operate as a sole trader or a limited company.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In this article, I have outlined the differences between the two to help you to decide which option might be best for your business.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Set-up cost<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sole trader: <\/strong>Free to set up with Revenue Commissioners. If you need to register a business name<\/a>, you can do this via the Companies Registration Office (CRO) there’s a cost associated with this: \u20ac20 if done electronically and \u20ac40 if done via a paper application.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Limited company: <\/strong>Your business needs to be set up with the CRO. It costs \u20ac50 to set up electronically and \u20ac100 to do so via a paper application. Note: for PLC businesses, it costs \u20ac300 (by paper only).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Annual returns<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sole trader: <\/strong>Form 11 Return to Revenue (income tax return).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Limited company: <\/strong>CT1 return (Corporation Tax) and B1 to CRO. Form 11 returns for directors too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tax rates<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sole trader: <\/strong>Similar to PAYE but you lose your PAYE tax credit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Limited company: <\/strong>Corporation tax rate 12.5%. Director\u2019s salary at PAYE levels with no PAYE tax credit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taxable expenses<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sole trader: <\/strong>All costs must be fully receipted, for example motor costs and travel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Limited company: <\/strong>Director\u2019s claims for travel, accommodation and subsistence completed through vouched expense claims. This is tax free to the director.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Employer<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sole trader: <\/strong>If it is just yourself then there is no need to register as an employer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Limited company: <\/strong>Directors are employees so you must register and file P30s and P35s etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Liability for debts<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sole trader: <\/strong>Unlimited \u2013 your personal assets can be liable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Limited company: <\/strong>Limited to the company only.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Succession of business<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sole trader: <\/strong>The business ceases with the death of owner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Limited company: <\/strong>Shares can be passed or sold on so business does not cease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cessation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sole trader: <\/strong>It’s simple to cease a business and free with Revenue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Limited company: <\/strong>It’s expensive to cease business with CRO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Disclosure of accounts<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sole trader: <\/strong>The public does not get to see accounts as they are filed with Revenue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Limited company: <\/strong>Members of the public can access summary accounts if they pay small fee to the CRO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Access to funds<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sole trader: <\/strong>It can be difficult to access funding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Limited company: <\/strong>Limited company status can be looked upon favourably by banks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Final thoughts on setting up as a sole trader or limited company <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The sole trader route is the cheapest route but it may not be the best option for you. Having limited access to funding, for example, might be a key consideration for you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, if it’s suitable, you could take the sole trader route initially and then when it makes more sense, you could go down the path of forming a limited company.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Editor\u2019s note: This post was originally published in April 2012 and has been updated for accuracy and relevance.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

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Join 1.5 million subscribers and get the best business admin strategies and tactics, as well as actionable advice to help your company thrive, in your inbox every month.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSubscribe now<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

More and more people are finding themselves in a position where they want to start their own business. Being made redundant or not being able to find a new job are two reasons why people choose this as an option. For a lot of people, the rewards of running your own business can far out […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":280,"featured_media":4704,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sage_video":false,"post_featured_image_hide":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[164,165],"tags":[132],"business_type":[5],"lilypad":[],"context":[],"industry":[],"persona":[251,232],"imagine_tag":[212,230],"coauthors":[393],"class_list":["post-37","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-people-leadership","category-strategy-legal-operations","tag-start-business","business_type-small-business"],"sage_meta":{"region":"en-ie","author_name":"Keir Thomas-Bryant","featured_image":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2018\/07\/2018_Heroic-295_All-Uses.jpg","imagine_tags":{"212":"Mid-sized business","230":"Small business"}},"distributor_meta":false,"distributor_terms":false,"distributor_media":false,"distributor_original_site_name":"Sage Advice Ireland","distributor_original_site_url":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog","push-errors":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/280"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/4704"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37"},{"taxonomy":"business_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/business_type?post=37"},{"taxonomy":"lilypad","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/lilypad?post=37"},{"taxonomy":"context","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/context?post=37"},{"taxonomy":"industry","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/industry?post=37"},{"taxonomy":"persona","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/persona?post=37"},{"taxonomy":"imagine_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/imagine_tag?post=37"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-ie\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=37"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}