{"id":73303,"date":"2025-05-28T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-05-28T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/?p=73303"},"modified":"2025-05-27T14:04:36","modified_gmt":"2025-05-27T12:04:36","slug":"fifo-vs-lifo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/fifo-vs-lifo\/","title":{"rendered":"FIFO vs LIFO: Key differences, formulas and examples"},"content":{"rendered":"<header class=\"entry-header has-dark-background-color\">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-header__row row align-center\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col col-lg-7 col-xlg-6 entry-header__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"component component-single-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-header__misc text--subtitle text--uppercase text--small\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/category\/strategy-legal-operations\/\" class=\"entry-header__link\">Strategy, Legal &amp; 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25-60.5-25-24.5-61q0-35 24.5-60t60.5-25m-512 256q36 0 60.5 25t24.5 60q0 36-24.5 61t-60.5 25-60.5-25-24.5-61q0-35 24.5-60t60.5-25m512 256q36 0 60.5 25t24.5 60q0 36-24.5 61t-60.5 25-60.5-25-24.5-61q0-35 24.5-60t60.5-25\" \/><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"social-share-button__icon social-share-button__icon--copy\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"svg-icon\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 1024 1024\"><path d=\"M698 85.5q-45 0-88.5 17.5T531 154.5l-430 431q-3 2-4.5 4.5t-3.5 5.5q-1 3-1.5 6t-.5 6q0 4 .5 7t1.5 6 3 5.5a54 54 0 0 0 4 4.5q3 3 5.5 4.5t5.5 2.5q3 2 6 2.5t6 .5 6.5-1 6.5-2 5.5-3a54 54 0 0 0 4.5-4l430-431q51-50 122-50t121 50q51 51 51 122t-51 121l-406 406q-26 27-62.5 27t-63.5-27q-26-26-26-62.5t26-62.5l328-328q3-2 4.5-4.5t3.5-5.5q1-3 1.5-6t.5-6q0-4-.5-7t-1.5-6-3-5.5a54 54 0 0 0-4-4.5q-3-3-5.5-4.5t-5.5-2.5q-3-2-6-2.5t-6-.5-6.5 1-6.5 2-5.5 3a54 54 0 0 0-4.5 4l-328 328q-44 44-44 107.5t44 108.5q45 44 108.5 44t107.5-44l406-407q35-34 52-77 17-44 17-89t-17-89q-17-43-52-78-34-34-77.5-51.5T698 85.5\" \/><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"social-share-button__share-label\">Share<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"social-share-button__copy-label\" hidden>Copy Link<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"social-share-button__copy-tooltip\" aria-hidden=\"true\" hidden>Copied<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/header>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-author has-dark-background-color alignfull\">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"co-authors\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-author-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"entry-author\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/author\/yassirmalik\/\">\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/03\/Yassir-Malik.jpg\" class=\"entry-author__image\" alt=\"yassir-malik-profile-picture\" \/>\t\t\t\t<span class=\"entry-author__name\">Yassir Malik<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tracking costs accurately is essential for effective inventory management. Two of the most common inventory valuation methods are FIFO (First In, First Out) and LIFO (Last In, First Out).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These methods impact everything from your cost of goods sold (COGS) to your taxable income and profitability.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But what are the key differences between FIFO and LIFO?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">How do you calculate FIFO and LIFO, and which method is right for your business?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By the end, you will have a clear understanding of inventory valuation and a better insight into how inventory management software simplifies the management of FIFO and LIFO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Here\u2019s what we\u2019ll cover:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<?xml encoding=\"utf-8\" ?><div class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-table-of-contents yoast-table-of-contents\"><ul><li><a href=\"#h-what-is-fifo\" data-level=\"2\">What is FIFO?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-fifo\" data-level=\"2\">Advantages and disadvantages of FIFO<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-what-is-lifo\" data-level=\"2\">What is LIFO?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-lifo\" data-level=\"2\">Advantages and disadvantages of LIFO<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-lifo-and-fifo-examples\" data-level=\"2\">LIFO and FIFO examples<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-fifo-vs-lifo-key-differences\" data-level=\"2\">FIFO vs. LIFO: Key differences<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-other-factors-to-consider-when-choosing-fifo-vs-lifo\" data-level=\"2\">Other factors to consider when choosing FIFO vs LIFO<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-lifo-vs-fifo-vs-weighted-average-cost\" data-level=\"2\">LIFO vs. FIFO vs. Weighted average cost<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-strengthen-your-finances-inventory-management-software\" data-level=\"2\">Strengthen your finances inventory management software<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-fifo\">What is FIFO?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FIFO (First In, First Out) is an inventory valuation method where your business sells or uses the oldest stock first.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This approach mirrors the natural flow of inventory, making sure older products are used before they expire or become obsolete.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why FIFO matters for your business<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It increases net profit in inflationary periods because older, cheaper inventory is used first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It reduces waste when your business is dealing with perishable goods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It reflects current inventory value more accurately when prices are rising.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-fifo\">Advantages and disadvantages of FIFO<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Choosing FIFO as your inventory valuation method can significantly impact your business\u2019s profitability, tax liability, and financial reporting.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Understanding the benefits and potential drawbacks will help you decide whether FIFO fits your inventory management strategy.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Advantages<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-good-for-record-keeping\"><strong>Good for record-keeping<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FIFO constantly uses up the oldest inventory layers, reducing the need for extensive records. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This makes it easier to monitor your inventory value and predict gross profit.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-higher-profits-during-inflation\"><strong>Higher profits during inflation<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since FIFO sells older, lower-cost inventory first, your profits appear higher when prices rise.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-reflects-actual-inventory-flow\"><strong>Reflects actual inventory flow<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This method follows the natural movement of stock, making it ideal if your business sells perishable or time-sensitive products.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-improves-financial-transparency\"><strong>Improves financial transparency<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FIFO clarifies inventory costs and aligns well with financial reporting standards.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Disadvantages<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-higher-taxes-during-inflation\"><strong>Higher taxes during inflation<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Increased profits result in a higher taxable income, which could lead to more significant tax liabilities for your business.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-less-accurate-cost-tracking-in-volatile-markets\"><strong>Less accurate cost tracking in volatile markets<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If inventory prices fluctuate frequently, using older costs for COGS may not reflect the true cost of replacement stock, potentially impacting pricing decisions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-lifo\">What is LIFO?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LIFO (Last In, First Out) is the opposite of FIFO\u2014it assumes that the newest inventory is sold first, while older stock remains on the books.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This method can significantly impact your business\u2019s financial statements, especially during inflation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The LIFO formula<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The LIFO formula represents:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>LIFO Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) = cost of newest inventory \u00d7 units sold<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-lifo\">Advantages and disadvantages of LIFO<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LIFO can be a strategic choice for businesses looking to reduce taxable income, but it also has limitations depending on accounting regulations and financial reporting goals.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here\u2019s a breakdown of its pros and cons:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Advantages<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-higher-cogs-and-lower-taxable-income-during-inflation\"><strong>Higher COGS and lower taxable income during inflation<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LIFO help your business reduce tax liability by using newer, more expensive inventory first. This method is great for keeping tax costs low.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It\u2019s useful for retail companies that need to stay on top of trends and quickly sell fashionable items.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It\u2019s also helpful for supermarkets dealing with fluctuating food prices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-can-improve-cash-flow\"><strong>Can improve cash flow<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By lowering taxable income, your business may have more cash on hand.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Disadvantages<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-not-permitted-under-ifrs\"><strong>Not permitted under IFRS<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you\u2019re an international business, you may not be allowed to use LIFO for tax purposes.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-lower-inventory-value-on-financial-statements\"><strong>Lower inventory value on financial statements<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since older, lower-cost inventory remains on the books, it can make your financial statements look weaker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-lifo-and-fifo-examples\">LIFO and FIFO examples<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Understanding how FIFO and LIFO impact cost of goods sold (COGS) is easier with real-world examples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Below, see how each method is applied to the same inventory purchases and sales, leading to different financial outcomes.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example of calculating FIFO<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Imagine you are the inventory manager of a clothing store warehouse.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Your business purchases inventory in the following order.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>January: 100 units at $10 each<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>February: 100 units at $12 each<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Later, in March, a total of 120 units are sold.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Using the FIFO inventory method formula, the oldest stock is sold first:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The first 100 units from the January purchase are sold at $10 each.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The remaining 20 units come from the February purchase at $12 each.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">COGS = (100\u00d710) + (20\u00d712)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">COGS= 1000 + 140 = 1,240<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Therefore, the cost of goods sold (COGS) under FIFO is $1,240.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example of calculating LIFO<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Using the same purchase data, imagine your business buys inventory on the following dates:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>January: 100 units at $10<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>February: 100 units at $12<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Later, in March, your business sells 120 units.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under LIFO inventory method formula, the most recent stock is sold first:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The first 100 units from the February purchase are sold at $12 each.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The remaining 20 units come from the January purchase at $10 each.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">COGS = (100\u00d712) + (20\u00d710)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">COGS = 1,200 + 200 = 1,400<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Your cost of goods sold (COGS) under LIFO is $1,400, which is higher than FIFO\u2019s $1,240.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This example highlights how LIFO results in higher costs and lower reported profits, particularly during periods rising prices, making it a common choice for businesses looking to reduce taxable income.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fifo-vs-lifo-key-differences\">FIFO vs. LIFO: Key differences<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FIFO and LIFO differ in how they manage inventory costs, affecting financial statements, tax liabilities, and overall business profitability.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here\u2019s how they compare:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cost flow assumption<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FIFO follows a First In, First Out approach, meaning the oldest inventory is sold first.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LIFO, on the other hand, operates under a Last In, First Out assumption, where the newest inventory is sold first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inventory valuation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FIFO calculates cost of goods sold (COGS) based on older, lower-cost inventory, while LIFO uses the most recent, higher-cost inventory for COGS calculations.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Impact of inflation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FIFO typically results in lower COGS and higher profits, leading to higher taxes when prices are rising.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In contrast, LUFO leads to higher COGS and lower profits, which can help businesses reduce taxable income during inflation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Complexity of fluctuation reporting<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Using FIFO, the cost of goods usually stays stable, making it easy to track inventory and costs.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prices can change with inflation or deflation, but the inventory layers generally show recent prices.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With LIFO, inventory layers can stick around for a long time, making average costs vary and reporting tricky.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These layers make it hard to report price changes, as altering one can affect the cost of items sold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Balance sheet impact<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FIFO values ending inventory at the most recent (and often higher) purchase costs, making financial statements appear stronger.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LIFO, however, values inventory at older, lower costs, which can make your balance sheet look weaker.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Regulatory compliance<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FIFO is permitted under both IRS and GAAP, making it a globally accepted inventory valuation method.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LIFO, however, is not allowed under IFRS but remains permitted under US GAAP, making it a viable option if you\u2019re business is based in the U.S.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Choosing between FIFO and LIFO depends on your business goals, tax strategy, and financial reporting needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If reducing taxable income is a priority for your financial strategy, LIFO may be beneficial\u2014if allowed in your region.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For a more transparent and widely accepted method, FIFO is often the preferred choice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-other-factors-to-consider-when-choosing-fifo-vs-lifo\">Other factors to consider when choosing FIFO vs LIFO<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-regulatory-compliance\"><strong>Regulatory compliance<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some countries do not allow LIFO for tax purposes (e.g., IFRS does not permit LIFO).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tax-implications\"><strong>Tax implications<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LIFO can be beneficial in times of inflation to lower taxable income.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-inventory-management\"><strong>Inventory management<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FIFO aligns with the natural flow of goods, making it ideal for perishable items.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-lifo-vs-fifo-vs-weighted-average-cost\">LIFO vs. FIFO vs. Weighted average cost<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While FIFO and LIFO are the most used methods, weighted average cost (WAC) offers a third options that smooths out price fluctuations.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here\u2019s how each method stacks up:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">FIFO<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lower COGS and higher profits during inflation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Provides a clearer picture of inventory costs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">LIFO<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Higher COGS and lower profits during inflation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reduces taxable income by increasing expenses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Weighted average cost (WAC)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Average inventory costs by dividing the total cost of goods available for sale by the total units available, creating a consistent per-unit cost.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Smooths out price fluctuations, making it a balanced approach between FIFO and LIFO.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-which-method-is-best-for-your-business\">Which method is best for your business?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Choose Weighted Average Cost for a balanced approach that minimises price fluctuations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Choose FIFO if you want higher profits and accurate inventory tracking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Choose LIFO to lower taxable income during inflation (if allowed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-strengthen-your-finances-inventory-management-software\">Strengthen your finances inventory management software<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whether you run a small or growing business, the right <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/inventory-management\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">inventory management software<\/a> helps streamline operations by automating FIFO, LIFO, or Weighted Average Cost calculations.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Built-in tools for tracking, valuing, and managing stock makes sure your team stays accurate and efficient at every stage of the inventory process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">With the right solution, you can:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Track inventory costs with ease: <\/strong>monitor stock movements and pricing in real time to maintain precise records.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Generate real-time financial reports:<\/strong> gain valuable insights into inventory costs, profitability, and trends to support better decision-making.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ensure tax compliance: <\/strong>automate calculations and reporting to meet regulatory requirements and avoid costly errors.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ready-to-optimise-your-inventory-management\">Ready to optimise your inventory management?\u00a0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Subscribe for the Sage Advice newsletter for expert accounting tips to keep your financials in check.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"single-cta\">\n\t<div class=\"single-cta__positioner on-scroll-highlight__target\">\n\t\t<div class=\"single-cta__wrapper has-dark-background-color\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"single-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"single-cta__title h3\">Subscribe to the Sage Advice enewsletter<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"single-cta__description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Get a roundup of our best business advice in your inbox every month.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\t\t\t\thref=\"#gate-84fe79b5-668d-41f8-a0cc-6229018c4ac9\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"single-cta__button button button--primary\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t>Subscribe<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2022\/04\/GettyImages-1181404518-1440x810.jpg\" class=\"single-cta__image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2022\/04\/GettyImages-1181404518-1440x810.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 48em) 33vw, 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<section class=\"more-topics alignfull has-grey-light-background-color wp-block-sage-post-topics\">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"row\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col col-12 col-lg-4\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"more-topics__title h2\">Browse more topics from this article<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col col-12 col-lg-8\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"post-tags__list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"post-tags__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/tag\/accountants\/\" class=\"post-tags__link button button--secondary\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAccounting 101\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"post-tags__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/tag\/business-management\/\" class=\"post-tags__link button button--secondary\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbusiness management\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"post-tags__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/tag\/business-strategy\/\" class=\"post-tags__link button button--secondary\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBusiness Strategy\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"post-tags__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/tag\/inventory-management\/\" class=\"post-tags__link button button--secondary\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tinventory management\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"post-tags__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/tag\/news-insights\/\" class=\"post-tags__link button button--secondary\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tnews insights\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"post-tags__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/tag\/staying-competitive\/\" class=\"post-tags__link button button--secondary\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tstaying competitive\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<div class=\"alignfull wp-block-sage-related-posts\">\n\t<section class=\"related-posts card-grid has-dark-background-color\">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"related-posts__heading related-posts__heading--featured h1\">Explore more wisdom<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"row related-posts__featured\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col card-grid__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<article\n\t\tclass=\"card-post related-post related-post-0 post-74916 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-growth-customers category-money-matters category-trends-insights tag-business-intelligence tag-business-strategy tag-financial-insights tag-making-financial-decisions tag-sales-management tag-staying-competitive tag-trending-topics business_type-small-business card-post--is-clickable\"\n>\n\t<div class=\"card-post__media-wrapper\">\n\t\t<figure class=\"card-post__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2022\/04\/GettyImages-681887339-1440x810.jpg\" class=\"card-post__image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2022\/04\/GettyImages-681887339-684x384.jpg 684w, https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2022\/04\/GettyImages-681887339-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2022\/04\/GettyImages-681887339-1440x810.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 48em) 250px, (min-width: 30em) 100vw, 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"card-post__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-post__label\">Recommended<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div 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stalls.\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row related-posts__non-featured\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"related-posts__heading related-posts__heading--more h4\">More on this Topic<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col col-6 col-lg-3 card-grid__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<article\n\t\tclass=\"card-post related-post related-post-1 post-76687 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-people-leadership category-trends-insights tag-business-management tag-coaching tag-hr-payroll tag-trending-topics business_type-small-business business_type-medium-business\"\n>\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\tclass=\"card-post__link\"\n\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/manager-burnout-hr-support\/\"\n\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t<figure class=\"card-post__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"384\" 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30, 2026<\/time><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"card-post__meta-text\"><span class=\"reading-time\">9 min read<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<p class=\"card-post__title h5\">\n\t\t\tWhy are managers under pressure and what can HR do about it?\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\n\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col col-6 col-lg-3 card-grid__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<article\n\t\tclass=\"card-post related-post related-post-2 post-76618 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-people-leadership category-trends-insights tag-business-intelligence tag-business-management tag-business-strategy tag-employee-benefits tag-hr-payroll business_type-small-business business_type-medium-business\"\n>\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\tclass=\"card-post__link\"\n\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/what-is-employee-experience\/\"\n\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t<figure class=\"card-post__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"384\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/09\/HPF_Static_Danielle_Option1-Final-1440x720-1-684x384.jpg\" class=\"card-post__image\" alt=\"A woman stands in front of the Sage glowline with a black background.\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/09\/HPF_Static_Danielle_Option1-Final-1440x720-1-684x384.jpg 684w, https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/09\/HPF_Static_Danielle_Option1-Final-1440x720-1-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/09\/HPF_Static_Danielle_Option1-Final-1440x720-1.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 48em) 250px, (min-width: 30em) 100vw, 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-post__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"card-post__meta-text\"><span class=\"posted-on \"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2026-09-09T15:29:07+02:00\">September 9, 2026<\/time><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"card-post__meta-text\"><span class=\"reading-time\">10 min read<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<p class=\"card-post__title h5\">\n\t\t\tWhat is employee experience and why is HR struggling to deliver it?\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\n\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col col-6 col-lg-3 card-grid__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<article\n\t\tclass=\"card-post related-post related-post-3 post-73705 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-people-leadership tag-business-management tag-employee-benefits tag-hr-payroll tag-news-insights tag-trending-topics business_type-small-business business_type-medium-business\"\n>\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\tclass=\"card-post__link\"\n\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/what-is-employee-self-service\/\"\n\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t<figure class=\"card-post__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"384\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2019\/07\/resize-1675x1275-44-684x384.jpg\" class=\"card-post__image\" alt=\"Woman in audience raising her hand\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2019\/07\/resize-1675x1275-44-684x384.jpg 684w, https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2019\/07\/resize-1675x1275-44-768x585.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2019\/07\/resize-1675x1275-44-1064x810.jpg 1064w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 48em) 250px, (min-width: 30em) 100vw, 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-post__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"card-post__meta-text\"><span class=\"posted-on \"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2026-09-03T09:00:00+02:00\">September 3, 2026<\/time><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"card-post__meta-text\"><span class=\"reading-time\">6 min read<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<p class=\"card-post__title h5\">\n\t\t\tEmpower your team with employee self-service\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\n\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col col-6 col-lg-3 card-grid__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<article\n\t\tclass=\"card-post related-post related-post-4 post-68990 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-business-planning category-compliance tag-bookkeeping tag-business-strategy tag-compliance tag-tax business_type-small-business\"\n>\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\tclass=\"card-post__link\"\n\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/do-these-3-things-before-launching-your-small-business\/\"\n\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t<figure class=\"card-post__media\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"384\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2021\/02\/iStock-1134062212-684x384.jpg\" class=\"card-post__image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2021\/02\/iStock-1134062212-684x384.jpg 684w, https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2021\/02\/iStock-1134062212-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2021\/02\/iStock-1134062212-1214x810.jpg 1214w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 48em) 250px, (min-width: 30em) 100vw, 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-post__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"card-post__meta-text\"><span class=\"posted-on \"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2026-09-02T13:48:52+02:00\">September 2, 2026<\/time><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"card-post__meta-text\"><span class=\"reading-time\">8 min read<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<p class=\"card-post__title h5\">\n\t\t\tDo these 3 things before launching your small business\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\n\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn differences between FIFO vs. LIFO, and how to calculate FIFO and LIFO step by step. Optimize inventory valuation, cut costs, and improve your business\u2019s financial accuracy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1774,"featured_media":69853,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_is_cornerstone":"","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-nofollow":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-title":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-description":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-image":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-image-id":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-title":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-description":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-image":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-image-id":"","_yoast_wpseo_schema_page_type":"","_yoast_wpseo_schema_article_type":"","_sage_video":false,"_yoast_wpseo_focuskeywords":"","_yoast_wpseo_keywordsynonyms":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":"27","sage_membership_post_content_type":"article","sage_membership_post_featured_video_id":"","sage_membership_post_video_type":"trailer","sage_membership_post_featured_video_duration":"","post_featured_image_hide":false,"sage_hide_published_date":false,"sage_hide_read_time":false,"sage_hide_share_buttons":false,"_pwl_sage_podcast_buzzsprout_src":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[27,29],"tags":[294,166,316,193,337,209],"business_type":[2,3],"lilypad":[],"context":[],"industry":[],"persona":[12,16],"imagine_tag":[53,68,83,69,84,85,86],"coauthors":[401],"class_list":["post-73303","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-strategy-legal-operations","category-trends-insights","tag-accountants","tag-business-management","tag-business-strategy","tag-inventory-management","tag-news-insights","tag-staying-competitive","business_type-small-business","business_type-medium-business"],"sage_meta":{"region":"en-za","author_name":"Yassir Malik","featured_image":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2022\/04\/GettyImages-1072509104.jpg","imagine_tags":{"53":"Business management","68":"Grow your business","83":"Growing business","69":"Inventory management","84":"Midsized business","85":"Small business","86":"Start up business"}},"distributor_meta":false,"distributor_terms":false,"distributor_media":false,"distributor_original_site_name":"Sage Advice South Africa","distributor_original_site_url":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog","push-errors":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73303","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/1774"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73303"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73303\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/69853"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73303"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=73303"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=73303"},{"taxonomy":"business_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/business_type?post=73303"},{"taxonomy":"lilypad","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/lilypad?post=73303"},{"taxonomy":"context","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/context?post=73303"},{"taxonomy":"industry","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/industry?post=73303"},{"taxonomy":"persona","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/persona?post=73303"},{"taxonomy":"imagine_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/imagine_tag?post=73303"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sage.com\/en-za\/blog\/api\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=73303"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}